Frozen Lives: A Starkfield Symphony of Misery

Prepare yourself, because we’re in for a bit of a journey here – one that’s as layered and compelling as a Starkfield winter storm. I find myself utterly fascinated by the characters in this novel, each of them a study in human frailty and resilience, so after this initial critique, I’ll be diving deeper into the tangled web of their lives.

I’ll be exploring the main players in turn, peeling back the frosty layers of their personalities to uncover what truly drives them. And as for Zeena? Well, she’s a force unto herself, so I’ll be offering my impressions of her using her own words as my guide. Who better to explain Zeena than Zeena herself, right?

Let’s see where this takes us. If nothing else, I promise it’ll be an interesting ride – one filled with icy truths, sharp observations, and perhaps a touch of warmth to keep us going. Shall we?

Ethan Frome! Few books have simultaneously delighted, infuriated, and bewildered me quite like Edith Wharton’s icy masterpiece. It’s a novel that reads like a perfectly constructed tragedy while also inspiring one to mutter, “Ethan, mate, pull yourself together,” every other page. Allow me to wax lyrical about its brilliance – and its baffling tendencies – in a manner befitting a snowy New England tale filtered through my British sensibilities.

First, let’s start with the setting, for it’s a character in itself. Starkfield. A name so bleak, it makes Wuthering Heights seem like an Airbnb hotspot. Wharton conjures a landscape that’s more than just cold – it’s utterly soul-sapping. Snow is everywhere, pressing down on the characters like the existential dread of Monday morning meetings. Yet, in Wharton’s hands, this oppressive chill becomes a form of poetry. I could practically hear the crunch of boots on ice, feel the bite of the wind, and smell… well, whatever one smells in Starkfield (desperation, perhaps?). The setting isn’t just a backdrop; it’s an accomplice to Ethan’s doom, a frosty Greek chorus murmuring, “You’re not getting out of this one, mate.”

Now, Ethan himself. What a tragic, hapless, painfully relatable figure he is. I found myself torn between sympathy and a desperate urge to reach through the pages, shake him by the shoulders, and shout, “Ethan, do something! Anything!” He’s the very picture of thwarted ambition – a man who might have become an engineer, or at least moved to a slightly less miserable town, were it not for fate, bad luck, and his own paralysing inertia. And yet, isn’t that the point? Ethan is Everyman, frozen in his own version of Starkfield, shackled by duty, poverty, and that peculiar New England brand of Puritan guilt. I couldn’t decide whether to weep for him or roll my eyes, which I suspect is precisely what Wharton intended.

Then there’s Zeena, Ethan’s wife, a character so delightfully detestable that she practically steals the show. Wharton imbues her with the sort of passive-aggressive menace that could rival any British mother-in-law stereotype. Every sigh, every complaint about her ‘complications,’ every strategically timed sick day is a masterclass in marital warfare. And yet, she’s not merely a caricature of nagging wifeliness. Zeena is as much a victim of Starkfield as Ethan is – hardened by disappointment and resentment into something as unyielding as the frozen landscape. One almost admires her ability to weaponise hypochondria with such surgical precision.

And then there’s Mattie Silver, the gleaming, doomed beacon of Ethan’s hope. Poor Mattie, with her crimson scarf and fleeting vitality, is like a splash of cherry syrup in an otherwise colourless snowstorm. Her presence is a reminder of everything Ethan might have had, if only he weren’t, well, Ethan. Yet, she too is a creature of tragedy, as naïve as she is desperate, hurtling towards the novel’s catastrophic climax with all the inevitability of a toboggan on ice.

The smash-up. How can one discuss Ethan Frome without marvelling at the audacity of that ending? The first time I read it, I honestly had to put the book down and mutter, “You’re kidding me, Edith. A sled? Really?” And yet, it’s brilliant. The scene is grotesque, horrifying, and darkly comedic in equal measure – a culmination of all the suppressed passion, despair, and hopelessness that’s been simmering beneath the surface. Wharton pulls no punches, leaving us with an ending that’s somehow both inevitable and shocking, and as bleakly perfect as the rest of the novel.

But let me end this ramble with a confession: I loved every moment of reading Ethan Frome, even as I wanted to hurl it across the room. It’s a book that invites frustration, pity, and begrudging admiration, a tragic gem encased in literary ice. Wharton’s prose is exquisite, her characterisation merciless, and her narrative construction downright surgical. It’s the sort of novel that lingers in the mind, like a winter chill that refuses to thaw.

Would I recommend it? Absolutely – you’ll get through it one sitting. Would I want to live in Starkfield? Not on your life.


Zeena by…well, by Zeena.

You all think I’m the villain in Ethan’s story, don’t you? The nagging, cold-hearted wife who destroyed his dreams and cast out poor, helpless Mattie. But have you ever wondered about my story? About what this life did to me?

I didn’t choose this. I didn’t choose to be trapped in a dead-end life with a man who never really loved me. When I came here, it was out of kindness – to help care for Ethan’s dying mother. That wasn’t my responsibility, but I did it anyway, hoping that maybe we could build something together afterward. I gave up my own future to save his. And what did I get in return? A life of silence and suffering.

I wasn’t always sick, you know. The isolation here – it takes a toll. There’s nothing but the cold, the endless work, and a man who avoids you like the plague. My body began to fail, yes, but it wasn’t just the sickness. It was the loneliness, the sheer weight of being unseen, unheard. Ethan was here in body, but never in spirit. He resented me, I could feel it. Maybe I wasn’t what he wanted, but I was what he needed, and that was supposed to mean something.

And then came Mattie. I saw it from the start, the way his eyes lit up around her. He thinks he hid it well, but I’m not a fool. Do you think I didn’t notice the way he lingered near her, or the way she looked at him? Suddenly, I wasn’t just invisible – I was being replaced. In my own home. By a girl who didn’t know the first thing about what I’d sacrificed to keep this place standing.

So, yes, I sent her away. I didn’t do it out of spite; I did it because I had to. Do you think I enjoyed being the villain? Watching the look in his eyes when I told him she had to go? It wasn’t cruelty – it was survival. If I’d let her stay, I’d have lost everything. What would you have done?

Now here I am, bound to Ethan by duty, not love. He blames me for his unhappiness, but what about mine? Does anyone ever stop to ask what I gave up? What I endured? You see me as a bitter, spiteful woman, but I’m more than that. I’m a woman who was abandoned long before Mattie ever arrived. A woman who carried the weight of this life on her shoulders while he dreamed of a way out.

So, tell me – am I really the villain here? Or am I just another victim of a life I never wanted, trying to survive in a world that left me no choices? And now? Well, now I’m in charge. Oh, they need me now alright!


Zeena as the caretaker – what a cruel twist of fate, or perhaps just a masterstroke of irony. Let me tell you, I can’t stop thinking about how this woman, after years of perfecting the art of being too ill to lift a finger, ends up nursing both Ethan and Mattie. It’s like watching the universe play its most twisted practical joke, except no one’s laughing.


Zeena: My Thoughts on the ‘Perpetual Invalid’ Turned Caregiver

Picture this: Zeena, the queen of complaints, who’s spent years clutching at every mysterious ailment like it’s her ticket out of doing housework, suddenly finds herself running the show. And not just any show – a household where two broken people rely on her to keep them alive. Honestly, it’s almost poetic, in a grim, Starkfield sort of way.

Now, let’s be clear: Zeena’s hypochondria wasn’t just an act. It was her weapon, her way of controlling the narrative. Every sigh, every shake of her head, every muttered word about ‘doctor’s orders’ was designed to keep Ethan – and let’s face it, anyone else within earshot – dancing to her tune. And it worked! For years, she avoided the drudgery of life while maintaining an iron grip on her household.

But then tragedy strikes, and suddenly, Zeena can’t afford to play the invalid anymore. Oh no, the universe had other plans for her. She has to become the caretaker – the backbone of a house teetering on the edge of collapse. I can’t help but marvel at the irony. It’s as if life said, “Oh, you like being in charge? Here’s all the responsibility, then.”


Why Zeena Stepped Up

I’ve thought about this a lot, and I reckon Zeena didn’t have much choice. Starkfield isn’t exactly brimming with opportunities to outsource care. No friendly neighbours popping by to lend a hand ( and you can’t count Mrs. Hale at twice a year if that), no funds to hire help – it’s all on her. But I also think there’s more to it than pure necessity.

For one, this shift gives Zeena a chance to reassert control, but in a new, tangible way. She’s no longer the helpless invalid demanding attention; now she’s the one holding all the cards. Ethan and Mattie depend on her for everything, and you can bet she makes them feel it. It’s her way of saying, “Look who’s in charge now.”

And let’s not overlook the resentment. Oh, you know it’s there. Every spoonful of soup, every bandaged wound, every small act of care is probably laced with bitterness. Zeena’s misery has always been sharp and deliberate, and I imagine her role as caretaker only amplifies it. In a way, her resentment fuels her. It’s almost as if she’s thinking, “You two did this to yourselves, and now I’m the one keeping this mess afloat.”


Ethan and Mattie’s New Hell

Now, if Zeena’s new role is ironic, Ethan and Mattie’s situation is downright tragic. Imagine being completely at the mercy of someone who has every reason to despise you. I can’t help but cringe at the thought of Ethan, broken and defeated, enduring Zeena’s icy brand of care. Every moment must be a silent reminder of his failures, of everything he yearned for and couldn’t have.

And Mattie? Poor Mattie. Once the spark of hope in that bleak household, now reduced to a shadow of herself. Relying on Zeena must feel like being trapped in a nightmare you can’t wake up from. Zeena’s care isn’t warm or nurturing – it’s clinical, detached, and probably tinged with the cold satisfaction of knowing she’s the one in control.


The Endless Cycle of Misery

What gets me is how this whole situation just feeds into itself. Ethan’s passivity, Mattie’s fragility, and Zeena’s bitterness – they all reinforce each other. No one escapes. It’s as though the house itself has become a vortex, pulling everyone deeper into despair. Even with Zeena stepping up, the atmosphere doesn’t change; if anything, it gets heavier.

And the irony of it all? Zeena’s transformation doesn’t free her – it traps her in a new kind of misery. She’s still stuck in Starkfield, still tethered to a man she resents and a household she loathes. It’s like a cruel cosmic joke: you wanted control, Zeena? Well, here it is – complete, absolute control over two people who epitomise everything you hate about your life.


What Edith Wharton does here is nothing short of genius. She doesn’t just swap roles; she reconfigures the entire dynamic, showing us that misery doesn’t disappear – it just changes form. Zeena’s care isn’t redemption. It’s survival, plain and simple, wrapped in layers of bitterness and obligation.

For me, this shift is the final twist of the knife. It forces me to confront the inescapable nature of their doom. No one gets what they want. Not Ethan, not Mattie, and certainly not Zeena. They’re all trapped, orbiting each other in an endless cycle of resentment and regret. And yet, somehow, I can’t look away.


The following was my initial draft that I felt I couldn’t include in the little analysis above.

Ethan Frome: The Paralysed Dreamer

When I think of Ethan, I see a man who could’ve been extraordinary, if only life hadn’t clipped his wings and tied him to the frozen ground of Starkfield. Ethan’s sensitivity and empathy are palpable; he feels deeply, almost too deeply, which is both his gift and his curse. I can’t help but feel frustrated by his passivity, though. It’s like watching someone trying to row upstream with one oar – they’re making an effort, sure, but they’re not really getting anywhere.

Ethan’s misery, I suspect, stems from dreams deferred for so long that they’ve curdled into regret. He wanted more – who wouldn’t? – but life didn’t hand him options; it handed him responsibilities. And he’s so conflict-averse, so eager to avoid rocking the boat, that he lets the tide carry him into deeper and deeper waters. I can feel his yearning, his romantic idealism, and honestly, I ache for him. But at the same time, I want to grab him by the shoulders and shout, “Do something, Ethan! Anything!”

What’s striking is how his quiet despair seems to act like a magnet. Misery doesn’t just follow Ethan – it sets up camp in his house and invites its mates. He’s the kind of person whose kindness and sensitivity make him a natural caretaker for other people’s burdens, but at what cost to himself?


Zeena Frome: The Chronic Martyr

Now, Zeena is a piece of work. She’s clever, no doubt about it, but she wields her intelligence like a weapon, cutting down anyone who might challenge her authority. Her hypochondria? Oh, that’s pure brilliance. It’s her armour, her way of ensuring she remains the centre of attention in a household that would otherwise ignore her. I have to admire her, in a way. She’s carved out a niche of power in a life that offers women very little control.

But Zeena’s misery is something else entirely. I get the sense that she entered her marriage with some faint glimmer of hope, only to have it extinguished by Starkfield’s cold realities. Who wouldn’t become bitter, stuck in a house where dreams go to die? Still, her sharpness, her unrelenting focus on her ailments – it’s exhausting. Living with her would feel like walking on a tightrope made of icicles.

What fascinates me most about Zeena is how she pulls everyone else into her orbit of unhappiness. She doesn’t just complain; she dominates. Her misery spreads like frost on a windowpane – slow, steady, and inescapable. And yet, there’s something tragic about her. I wonder if, deep down, she knows she’s as trapped as Ethan, and that knowledge only fuels her bitterness.


Mattie Silver: The Naïve Optimist

Now for Mattie. She’s the kind of person who lights up a room – or at least tries to. I can’t help but feel for her, this poor girl clinging to hope in a world that’s done her no favours. Orphaned, penniless, and utterly dependent on the kindness of others, Mattie is one of life’s drifters, tossed about by circumstances beyond her control.

What strikes me about Mattie is her optimism. It’s like a candle flickering in the wind – brave, but precarious. She wants to believe in something better, and who can blame her? But her lack of practicality and her desperate need for approval make her vulnerable. She’s not just hoping for happiness; she’s relying on it, and that reliance is what makes her so fragile.

Mattie’s presence in the Frome household is both a blessing and a curse. On the one hand, she brings a spark of life to an otherwise dreary existence. On the other, she amplifies the tension, her cheerfulness highlighting the bleakness of everything around her. It’s as though her warmth is too much for the icy atmosphere – it can’t last, and deep down, I think she knows it.


The Miserable Dynamic

The Frome household is like a snow globe of suffering, and the characters can’t stop shaking it. Ethan’s passivity, Zeena’s bitterness, and Mattie’s fragile hope create a perfect storm of tension and despair. I can feel how each person’s unhappiness feeds into the others’. Ethan’s silence gives Zeena room to dominate, Zeena’s sharpness crushes Mattie’s optimism, and Mattie’s vulnerability pulls Ethan deeper into his own yearning.

What’s fascinating – and infuriating – is how no one seems capable of breaking the cycle. It’s as though their misery has its own gravity, pulling them into an ever-tighter orbit of hopelessness. And yet, I can’t look away. Edith Wharton doesn’t just tell a story; she traps me in it, just as Starkfield traps the Fromes.

For Rose

6 thoughts on “Frozen Lives: A Starkfield Symphony of Misery

  1. Fabulous!
    I’m still on Team Zeena, though.
    Ethan drove me mad with his inertia (I’ve borrowed that word from you, it’s perfect!). He didn’t have to stay in Starkfield. He could have packed up his household, let the farm go and found himself a Job in Town. Or, in Florida, where he had his youthful adventure. He didn’t even have to marry Zeena way back when, but it seems to me he took the easiest path after his parents died rather than thinking about his future. Although, perhaps he married Zeena while in mourning, a time when you shouldn’t make big decisions.
    But you know that Japanese proverb about getting off the train at the very next station when you realise it’s going the wrong direction because if you don’t, you still have to make the trip back to your starting point but it’s longer? Ethan wasn’t glued to Starkfield. He and Zeena, separately or together, must have had a greater chance at happiness if they’d lived in town or somewhere where they would interact with other people more often.
    I disagree with you about Mattie, in my opinion she wasn’t that good a person. She did have choices other than falling in love with Another Woman’s husband, but she didn’t exercise them. Like Charlotte Lucas in Pride and Prejudice, I think she should have secured the affections of Denis Eady with her vivacity, with a very little bit of encouragement after the dance he would almost certainly have proposed marriage to her. She would have been mistress of her own household and servants of her own, which would have been necessary to the comfort of the home since she was hopeless around the house.
    Even if Zeena was out of the way, I think Mattie and Ethan would have become an unhappy couple. Not enough money, the terrible winters, the drudgery of the place, plus, Mattie was hopeless at keeping up with the house, which mightn’t sound all that important, but when they were living in squalor it would have been just another thing to be miserable and resentful about. I think Mattie’s optimism would have been snuffed as surely as time and a harsh environment would have taken her good looks.
    Mattie also turned into a ‘whiner’ at the end, after she’d lived there for so long, being nursed by Zeena and resented by Ethan.
    Now, Zeena. She lives in a poverty and isolation with a man who doesn’t love her, and in his own way, one who behaves just as detestably to her as she does to him with her hypochondria. She never was pretty or witty, or any of the other things that women are admired for, and to make it all worse, she is getting Older. Then, a pretty, bright young thing comes to live in her house and her husband falls in love with the Other Woman. I can completely understand why Zeena fights back with the only weapon she had. And Zeena was completely right NOT (sorry, not shouting, emphasising) to trust Ethan and Mattie. They used her precious pickle dish at their meal!
    I loved your take on Zeena. I’ve started writing a little one of my own, but mine is much more sympathetic to her than yours.
    I don’t think Zeena was the villain, I think Ethan was. One, he was married and messing around with someone else, that makes him a villain in my opinion. Two, he didn’t use his initiative to make their lives better, and in that, as I said before, he had all of the control.
    Apologies, I’ve gone on a bit. But, in my defence, I LOVE this book. It’s the one I slide into my handbag when I’m heading out and think I’ll have a wait somewhere, and it’s the book that I started re-reading again immediately on finishing it for the first time.
    Like you, the characters infuriate and frustrate me, but they are so real and their endless cycle of miserable circumstances are so pitiable.
    Thank you so much for writing Zeena’s Story.

    1. Thanks for your thoughtful feedback, Rose. I’m especially glad that you disagree with me on Zeena – though I hope not entirely! I believe I did, at least in part, acknowledge that she might have once harboured hope and showed promise, though perhaps I could have explored that aspect more deeply. You’re absolutely right; it’s a thread worth pulling on further.

      As for Ethan, I completely agree that his pursuit of an escape through Mattie was deeply flawed. In the end, I doubt he had the strength or stability to build a decent life for her, even if circumstances had allowed it. Their relationship seems less like a path to salvation and more like a temporary refuge from despair – a doomed endeavour from the start. And I agree with you, should she have accepted that invite from Denis Eady, clearly, her life would have completely different – and for the better no doubt.

      Your insights have given me a lot to think about, and I intend to delve further into this. Who knows? It might even inspire something new to write. Best of luck with your own work – I’d love to read it if you choose to share!

      I find it absolutely fascinating, Rose, how we approach Zeena’s character from such different perspectives. It’s a reminder of how our individual experiences – and perhaps even the nuances of gender – can shape the way we interpret a character’s psyche and motivations. Psychologically speaking, it’s intriguing how often there seems to be a divergence of opinion between the sexes on topics like these.

      As a man, I do wonder if I’ve overlooked aspects of Zeena’s plight that might be more apparent through a feminine lens. Perhaps I should have taken greater care to consider her struggles from that perspective. I sincerely hope this doesn’t make me a stereotypical bloke – I’d like to think I’ve inherited some of my mother’s more feminine traits. After all, I can be quite emotive at times, and I pride myself on a certain sensitivity that allows me to explore these dynamics.

      Your perspective has given me much to reflect on, and I’m grateful for the insight it’s brought. Thanks for challenging me to think differently.

      Oh, And Charlotte Lucas? Please don’t get me started! 🙂 I hear that name and instantly think of Mr. Collins! I think I wrote a little bit about him in my P&P critique – I just find the character of Mr. Collins hysterical!

      1. Charlotte Lucas! We might have to agree to disagree because I think she made the right decision marrying Mr Collins, even though he was awful. Have you ever read Fay Weldon’s Letters to Alice? She posits that Mrs Bennet is the only person on P&P who has a realistic idea of what the future holds for her and her daughters if Mr B dies.
        As Charlotte said herself she wasn’t romantic, but what she didn’t say was that she didn’t have any other matrimonial choices. She wasn’t pretty or rich, but she saw an opportunity and took it. Getting married was a career move for her.
        When Mr C eventually inherited Longbourn she would have returned home to Meryton nearer to her family. Chances are she and Mr C would have had children, which wouldn’t have made him any less ridiculous but might have increased her fondness for him … maybe!
        I’m getting carried away again. Will respond separately re Ethan, Zeena and Mattie.

  2. I’m definitely aligning with Zeena because I’m a middle-aged woman. There’s no way I’d risk a pretty, vivacious 20-year old making up to my own lovely husband! He’d be just as susceptible to laughing eyes and a cherry red fascinating as Ethan was!

    I don’t know if our differing opinions are a gender take or not. If we go along with the narrator’s version, he certainly portrayed Zeena as the cause of Ethan’s misery, blaming her for everything. He didn’t say one positive thing about Zeena in his version of events. Her appearance was ugly and so was her personality, she whined, she droned, she went silent (because Ethan never listened – but apparently that wasn’t his fault. Although, perhaps neither of them listened to the other).
    The narrator wanted us to see Mattie as a heroine/victim and she looked and acted like one – pretty, laughing, sweet, and at the mercy of a wicked witch.
    Mattie had so much more than Zeena though, she’d been loved by her parents, was brought up with the best of everything and could have married Denis Eady, yet she wanted Zeena’s husband. And, Zeena’s only treasure, the pickle dish.
    One of the reasons I think there is more to Zeena though is because in the end, Mrs Hale actually praised Zeena to the narrator for caring for Mattie and Ethan since the smash-up.
    Zeena also advocated for Mattie to go to the dances regularly so she wouldn’t be so lonely in Starkfield.
    Anyway, no one ever takes Zeena’s side and I feel sorry for her because of that, too.
    My version, Zeena’s Tragedy, is a work in progress.

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